d and f BLOCK ELEMENTS

An element forms a stable chloride with the formula MCl₃. Based on this formula, what is the likely charge of the metal cation (M) formed by this element?

• +1
• +2
• +3
• 0

An element forms a stable oxide with the formula M₂O. Based on this formula, what is the likely charge of the metal cation (M) formed by this element?

• +1
• +2
• +3
• 0

Which of the following elements (I-VI) is most likely to exhibit the electronic configuration ns² np⁵ in its ground state?

• Element I
• Element II
• Element III
• Element IV

What does a very high positive value for the second ionization enthalpy (∆iH2) of an element, compared to its first ionization enthalpy (∆iH1), typically suggest?

• The element has a full outer shell.
• The element has only one electron in its outermost shell.
• The element is a noble gas.
• The element readily forms +2 ions.

What is the primary factor determining the chemical properties of an element?

• The total number of electrons.
• The number of neutrons in the nucleus.
• The number and arrangement of valence electrons.
• The atomic mass.