d and f BLOCK ELEMENTS

What is the primary source of color in transition metal complexes?

• s-d electronic transitions
• Charge transfer transitions only
• d-d electronic transitions absorbing specific wavelengths of visible light.
• Reflection of all visible wavelengths

Why is Scandium (Sc) generally considered a transition element despite having only one d-electron?

• It shows multiple oxidation states.
• It forms colored compounds.
• It has an incomplete d-subshell in its ground state.
• It is paramagnetic.

What is the main difference between the chemistry of Lanthanoids and Actinoids?

• Lanthanoids are radioactive.
• Actinoids predominantly show the +3 state.
• Actinoids exhibit a wider range of oxidation states compared to Lanthanoids.
• Lanthanoids have simpler electronic configurations.

Why is the +3 oxidation state particularly stable for Lanthanoids?

• It results in a half-filled f subshell.
• It is the only oxidation state they can exhibit.
• It allows them to achieve a stable electronic configuration similar to the preceding noble gas.
• It makes them paramagnetic.

What is the effect of ligands on the d-orbitals of a transition metal ion in a complex?

• Ligands fill the d-orbitals completely.
• Ligands remove all d-electrons.
• Ligands cause the d-orbitals to split into different energy levels.
• Ligands have no effect on d-orbitals.