d and f BLOCK ELEMENTS

Which of the following best explains the general trend of E°(M2+/M) values becoming less negative across the first transition series?

• The decreasing atomic radius
• The increasing sum of the first and second ionisation enthalpies
• The decreasing number of d electrons
• The increasing metallic character

What is the primary reason Cr2+ is considered a strong reducing agent?

• Its high E°(Cr3+/Cr2+) value
• Its stable d4 configuration
• Its large atomic radius
• Its low E°(Cr3+/Cr2+) value indicates easy oxidation

Why is the E°(M2+/M) value for Nickel (Ni) more negative than expected from the simple trend of increasing ionisation enthalpies?

• Low atomic number
• High melting point
• Simple d8 configuration
• Its highly negative enthalpy of hydration

Which of the following is a characteristic property of paramagnetic substances?

• They have all electrons paired
• They are always strongly magnetic
• They repel magnetic fields
• They contain unpaired electrons

What type of magnetic behavior would you expect from a substance with all electrons paired?

• Paramagnetism
• Ferromagnetism
• Antiferromagnetism
• Diamagnetism