d and f BLOCK ELEMENTS

What is the primary cause of paramagnetism in substances?

• Paired electrons
• Nuclear spin
• Presence of unpaired electrons
• Molecular vibrations

What type of magnetism is characterized by substances being attracted very strongly by a magnetic field?

• Diamagnetism
• Paramagnetism
• Ferromagnetism
• Antiferromagnetism

Why is the density of transition metals generally high?

• They are all solids
• They have high melting points
• They form metallic bonds
• High atomic masses combined with relatively small atomic radii

What is the primary reason for the decrease in atomic radii across the first transition series (Sc to Zn)?

• The electrons are lost from the 4s orbital
• The 3d electrons are lost first
• The increasing number of protons outweighs the electron addition
• The increasing nuclear charge is not fully shielded by the added 3d electrons

Why do transition metal ions frequently exhibit paramagnetism?

• They have high atomic masses
• They form complex ions
• They have high melting points
• They often possess unpaired electrons in their d orbitals