d and f BLOCK ELEMENTS

Which Lanthanoid primarily exhibits both +2 and +3 oxidation states, similar to Europium?

• Samarium
• Gadolinium
• Lutetium
• Neodymium

Which Lanthanoid ion's formation is favored by having a half-filled f-orbital, making it an oxidant?

• Tb⁴⁺
• Ce⁴⁺
• Eu²⁺
• Yb²⁺

What is the electronic configuration of Yb²⁺ that makes it a reductant?

• f¹⁴
• f⁷
• f⁰
• f¹⁰

Why is Eu²⁺ considered a strong reducing agent?

• Its f⁷ configuration provides extra stability
• It has an empty f-subshell
• It easily gains an electron
• It is the lightest Lanthanoid

What is the standard electrode potential (E⁰) value mentioned for the Ce⁴⁺/Ce³⁺ couple?

• +1.74 V
• +0.54 V
• +3.00 V
• +1.20 V