d and f BLOCK ELEMENTS Quiz

• The electrons are added to the same shell
• Effective shielding of outer electrons by the increasing number of inner 3d electrons
• The nuclear charge remains constant
• The electrons occupy higher energy levels

• Due to weak van der Waals forces
• Due to strong metallic bonding involving delocalised d-electrons
• Due to high ionisation energies
• Due to low atomic masses

• (n-1)d^(n-2) ns^2
• (n-1)d^n ns^2
• (n-1)d^n
• ns^2

• The completely filled 3d subshell in zinc
• Changes in the relative energies of 4s and 3d orbitals upon electron removal
• The presence of unpaired electrons
• The decrease in atomic radius across the series

• It makes them more reactive with water
• It leads to stronger interatomic bonding and higher enthalpies of atomisation
• It causes them to be highly volatile
• It results in lower electrical conductivity