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Biotechnology and Its Applications - V

Biotechnology and Its Applications

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1. Which enzyme is used to remove RNA during DNA isolation?

Protease

Lysozyme

DNase

Ribonuclease

2. What is the function of calcium chloride in making competent cells?

Inhibits DNA degradation

Promotes DNA replication

Facilitates protein synthesis

Increases cell membrane permeability

3. What is the significance of meristem culture in plant propagation?

It increases plant size

It improves plant taste

It helps produce virus-free plants

It enhances plant color

4. What is the main reason for producing transgenic animals in biotechnology?

To enhance agricultural productivity

To create new species

To study gene function and model human diseases

To improve environmental adaptation

5. How can biotechnology help in food production?

By manufacturing artificial flavors

By developing pest-resistant crops

By improving music streaming services

By recycling electronic waste

6. What is the source of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) in RNA interference?

Photosynthesis

Cell division

Mitochondrial DNA

Viral infection or transposons

7. How do transgenic animals contribute to drug development?

By replacing human subjects entirely

By increasing drug marketing

By automating drug synthesis

By serving as models for testing

8. How many varieties of rice are estimated to exist in India alone?

50,000

100,000

200,000

300,000

9. Why is the introduction of foreign DNA into animals beneficial?

To change their appearance

To increase reproduction rates

To reduce feed costs

To produce medically important proteins

10. What is the purpose of bioengineering crops with pest resistance?

To increase soil acidity

To reduce the need for chemical pesticides

To attract more pollinators

To extend the growing season

11. What is the function of SDS in DNA isolation?

Precipitating DNA

Digesting RNA

Binding DNA

Disrupting the cell membrane

12. What is the primary role of the Genetic Engineering Approval Committee (GEAC) in India?

Promoting agricultural exports

Funding medical research

Controlling pharmaceutical prices

Regulating GM research and public use of GM organisms

13. What is the advantage of using Bt cotton over conventional cotton?

Higher fiber length

Better dye absorption

More comfortable fabric

Resistance to cotton bollworms

14. What is a limitation of somatic hybridisation as discussed?

It is very expensive

It requires special equipment

Hybrids may lack desired traits

It takes too much time

15. What is the term used for the loss of tetracycline resistance due to insertion of foreign DNA in a plasmid?

Gene amplification

Gene silencing

Mutagenesis

Insertional inactivation

16. What is the role of autoradiography in gene probing?

Amplifying DNA

Sequencing RNA

Separating proteins

Detecting hybridization signals

17. Which of the following is a characteristic of biodegradable plastics?

Made from petroleum

Resistant to UV radiation

High melting point

Break down naturally in the environment

18. Which plant is mentioned as being successfully cultured from meristems?

Wheat

Corn

Sugarcane

Barley

19. What makes Bt toxins safe for humans and other non-target organisms?

They are diluted in soil

They evaporate quickly

They are water-soluble

They are specific to certain insect groups

20. Which process is used to extract DNA fragments from agarose gel after electrophoresis?

Denaturation

Annealing

Ligation

Elution